Many examples of this type have been found at the site of the Frankish emporium of Domburg in the Scheldt estuary (Netherlands) and the type has attributed to a mint there. Abramson comments that “…the lack of variety and absence of regal or ecclesiastical motifs are indicative of a commercial issuing authority anxious to retain a recognized and accepted type”. The Apa name in runes is most probably that of a moneyer. These circumstances led to the retention of the design at the expense of its aesthetic purity, hence the devolved and degraded design of this specimen. Commonly found in Eastern England this type is indicative of the strong trade contacts that existed between the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms and their Merovingian and Frisian neighbors in the Low Countries and northern France.